|
|
|
| |
|
中華人民共和國個人獨資企業法
Sole Proprietorship Enterprise Law of the People's Republic of China
第一章總 則
Chapter One: General Provisions
第一條為了規范個人獨資企業的行為，保護個人獨資企業投資人和債權人的合法權益，維護社會經濟秩序，促進社會主義市場經濟的發展，根據憲法，制定本法。
Article 1 With a view to regulate the activities of sole proprietorship enterprises, to protect the lawful rights and interests of sole proprietors and creditors of sole proprietorship enterprises, to safeguard the social and economic order, and to promote the development of socialist market economy, this Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution.
第二條本法所稱個人獨資企業，是指依照本法在中國境內設立，由一個自然人投資，財產為投資人個人所有，投資人以其個人財產對企業債務承擔無限責任的經營實體。
Article 2 For purposes of this Law, a sole proprietorship enterprise means a business entity established within China with its capital contributed by one individual and its assets owned personally by the sole proprietor, who assumes unlimited liability to the extent of his personal assets.
第三條個人獨資企業以其主要辦事機構所在地為住所。
Article 3 A sole proprietorship enterprise's main place of business shall be its domicile.
第四條個人獨資企業從事經營活動必須遵守法律、行政法規，遵守誠實信用原則，不得損害社會公共利益。
Article 4 In conducting business activities, a sole proprietorship enterprise shall abide by law and administrative regulations, as well as the principle of good faith and may not harm the public interests.
個人獨資企業應當依法履行納稅義務。
A sole proprietorship enterprise shall fulfill its obligation to pay tax in accordance with the law.
第五條國家依法保護個人獨資企業的財產和其他合法權益。
Article 5 The state shall protect the property and other lawful rights and interests of a sole proprietorship enterprise in accordance with the law.
第六條個人獨資企業應當依法招用職工。職工的合法權益受法律保護。
Article 6 A sole proprietorship enterprise shall hire workers in accordance with the law. The lawful rights and interests of its workers are protected by law.
個人獨資企業職工依法建立工會，工會依法開展活動。
The workers of the sole proprietorship enterprise shall establish a labor union in accordance with the law, and the labor union shall conduct its activities in accordance with the law.
第七條在個人獨資企業中的中國*黨員依照中國*章程進行活動。
Article 7 A member of the Chinese Communist Party in a sole proprietorship enterprise shall conduct his activities in accordance with the Charter of the Chinese Communist Party.
第二章個人獨資企業的設立
Chapter Two: Establishment of Sole Proprietorship Enterprise
第八條設立個人獨資企業應當具備下列條件：
Article 8 For the establishment of a sole proprietorship enterprise, the following conditions shall be met:
（一）投資人為一個自然人；
(i) The sole proprietor is a natural person;
（二）有合法的企業名稱；
(ii) There is a lawful enterprise name;
（三）有投資人申報的出資；
(iii) There is capital contribution declared by the sole proprietor;
（四）有固定的生產經營場所和必要的生產經營條件；
(iv) There is a permanent place and the necessary conditions for production and operation;
（五）有必要的從業人員。
(v) There are necessary personnel.
第九條申請設立個人獨資企業，應當由投資人或者其委托的代理人向個人獨資企業所在地的登記機關提交設立申請書、投資人身份證明、生產經營場所使用證明等文件。委托代理人申請設立登記時，應當出具投資人的委托書和代理人的合法證明。
Article 9 In establishing a sole proprietorship enterprise, the sole proprietor or the agent appointed thereby shall submit such document?? as an application for the establishment of a sole proprietorship enterprise, proof of identity of the sole proprietor, proof of use of the place for production and operation, etc. to the registration authority of the place where the sole proprietorship enterprise will be located. Where an agent is appointed to apply for the establishment of the sole proprietorship enterprise, the power of attorney issued by the sole proprietor and the legal identity of the agent shall be presented.
個人獨資企業不得從事法律、行政法規禁止經營的業務；從事法律、行政法規規定須報經有關部門審批的業務，應當在申請設立登記時提交有關部門的批準文件。
A sole proprietorship enterprise may not engage in any business prohibited by law or administrative regulations; where the sole proprietorship enterprise intends to engage in any business which requires approval by the relevant authority, the approval document??nbspissued by the relevant authority shall be presented at the time of applying for establishment registration.
第十條個人獨資企業設立申請書應當載明下列事項：
Article 10 The application form for the establishment of a sole proprietorship enterprise shall set forth the following:
（一）企業的名稱和住所；
(i) name and domicile of the enterprise;
（二）投資人的姓名和居所；
(ii) name and residence of the sole proprietor;
（三）投資人的出資額和出資方式；
(iii) the amount and form of capital contribution;
（四）經營范圍。
(iv) the scope of business.
第十一條個人獨資企業的名稱應當與其責任形式及從事的營業相符合。
Article 11 The name of a sole proprietorship enterprise shall be consistent with its form of liability and its type of business.
第十二條登記機關應當在收到設立申請文件之日起十五日內，對符合本法規定條件的，予以登記，發給營業執照；對不符合本法規定條件的，不予登記，并應當給予書面答復，說明理由。
Article 12 Within fifteen days of its receipt of the application document??, the registration authority shall register the sole proprietorship enterprise and issue a business license thereto if the document?? comply with the requirements set forth herein, or deny registration and issue a written response stating the reason for denial.
第十三條個人獨資企業的營業執照的簽發日期，為個人獨資企業成立日期。
Article 13 The date of issuance of the business license for a sole proprietorship enterprise shall be the date of its establishment.
在領取個人獨資企業營業執照前，投資人不得以個人獨資企業名義從事經營活動。
Prior to issuance of a business license for sole proprietorship enterprise, the sole proprietor may not engage in any business in the name of the sole proprietorship enterprise.
第十四條個人獨資企業設立分支機構，應當由投資人或者其委托的代理人向分支機構所在地的登記機關申請登記，領取營業執照。
Article 14 In establishing a branch of a sole proprietorship enterprise, the sole proprietor or an agent appointed thereby shall submit an application for registration to the registration authority of the place where the branch will be located, and the branch shall be issued a business license.
分支機構經核準登記后，應將登記情況報該分支機構隸屬的個人獨資企業的登記機關備案。
Upon approval and registration of the branch, its registration certificate shall be filed with the registration authority having jurisdiction over the sole proprietorship enterprise to which such branch belongs.
分支機構的民事責任由設立該分支機構的個人獨資企業承擔。
The civil liabilities of the branch shall be borne by the sole proprietorship enterprise establishing such branch.
第十五條個人獨資企業存續期間登記事項發生變更的，應當在作出變更決定之日起的十五日內依法向登記機關申請辦理變更登記。
Article 15 Where during its existence, a sole proprietorship enterprise undergoes a change which affects a registered item, an application for registration amendment shall be submitted to the registration authority in accordance with the law within fifteen days of the decision to make such change.
第三章個人獨資企業的投資人及事務管理
Chapter Three: Sole Proprietor and Management of the Sole Proprietor Enterprise's Affairs
第十六條法律、行政法規禁止從事營利性活動的人，不得作為投資人申請設立個人獨資企業。
Article 16 A person who is prohibited from engaging in any for-profit activity may not apply for the establishment of a sole proprietorship enterprise as a sole proprietor.
第十七條個人獨資企業投資人對本企業的財產依法享有所有權，其有關權利可以依法進行轉讓或繼承。
Article 17 A sole proprietor has lawful title to the assets of the sole proprietorship enterprise, and any related right may be assigned or inherited in accordance with the law.
第十八條個人獨資企業投資人在申請企業設立登記時明確以其家庭共有財產作為個人出資的，應當依法以家庭共有財產對企業債務承擔無限責任。
Article 18 Where at the time of application for establishment, the sole proprietor expressly declares any property jointly owned by his family as capital contribution, he shall assume unlimited liability to the extent of such joint property in accordance with the law.
第十九條個人獨資企業投資人可以自行管理企業事務，也可以委托或者聘用其他具有民事行為能力的人負責企業的事務管理。
Article 19 A sole proprietor may manage the affairs of the sole proprietorship enterprise by himself, and may also appoint or hire another person with the capacity for civil act to manage the sole proprietorship enterprise.
投資人委托或者聘用他人管理個人獨資企業事務，應當與受托人或者被聘用的人簽訂書面合同，明確委托的具體內容和授予的權利范圍。
Where a sole proprietor appoints or hires another person to manage the affairs of the sole proprietorship enterprise, he shall conclude with the agent or employee a written contract prescribing the entrusted affairs and the scope of authority granted.
受托人或者被聘用的人員應當履行誠信、勤勉義務，按照與投資人簽訂的合同負責個人獨資企業的事務管理。
The agent or employee shall perform the obligations of good faith and due care, and manage the affairs of the sole proprietorship enterprise in accordance with the contract with the sole proprietor.
投資人對受托人或者被聘用的人員職權的限制，不得對抗善意第三人。
Any restriction by the sole proprietor on the authority of the agent or employee shall not constitutes a defense against a third person in good faith.
第二十條投資人委托或者聘用的管理個人獨資企業事務的人員不得有下列行為：
Article 20 The person appointed or hired by the sole proprietor to manage the affairs of the sole proprietorship enterprise may not engage in any of the following conducts:
（一）利用職務上的便利，索取或者收受賄賂；
(i) demanding or accepting bribes by usurping his official position;
（二）利用職務或者工作上的便利侵占企業財產；
(ii) converting property of the sole proprietorship enterprise by usurping his official position or working relationship;
（三）挪用企業的資金歸個人使用或者借貸給他人；
(iii) misappropriating funds of the sole proprietorship enterprise by using them for his own purpose or lending them to a third person.
（四）擅自將企業資金以個人名義或者以他人名義開立帳戶儲存；
(iv) depositing funds of the sole proprietorship enterprise in his own name or in the name of any third person without authorization;
（五）擅自以企業財產提供擔保；
(v) pledging assets of the sole proprietorship enterprise as security without authorization;
（六）未經投資人同意，從事與本企業相競爭的業務；
(vi) engaging in any business in competition with the sole proprietorship enterprise without consent by the sole proprietor;
（七）未經投資人同意，同本企業訂立合同或者進行交易；
(vii) entering into any contract or conducting any transaction with the sole proprietorship enterprise without consent by the sole proprietor;
（八）未經投資人同意，擅自將企業商標或者其他知識產權轉讓給他人使用；
(viii) assigning any trademark or other intellectual property of the sole proprietorship enterprise to a third person for use without consent by the sole proprietor;
（九）泄露本企業的商業秘密；
(ix) disclosing trade secrets of the sole proprietorship enterprise;
（十）法律、行政法規禁止的其他行為。
(x) any other act prohibited by law or administrative regulations.
第二十一條個人獨資企業應當依法設置會計帳簿，進行會計核算。
Article 21 A sole proprietorship enterprise shall set up accounting books and conduct accounting in accordance with the law.
第二十二條個人獨資企業招用職工的，應當依法與職工簽訂勞動合同，保障職工的勞動安全，按時、足額發放職工工資。
Article 22 Where a sole proprietorship enterprise employs workers, it shall enter into labor contracts with the workers, and ensure workplace safety and make full and timely payment of wages.
第二十三條個人獨資企業應當按照國家規定參加社會保險，為職工繳納社會保險費。
Article 23 A sole proprietorship enterprise shall participate in the social insurance scheme in accordance with the relevant stipulations of the state, and shall pay social insurance premiums for its workers.
第二十四條個人獨資企業可以依法申請貸款、取得土地使用權，并享有法律、行政法規規定的其他權利。
Article 24 A sole proprietorship enterprise may apply for loan and acquire land-use-rights in accordance with the law, and shall enjoy other rights prescribed by law or administrative regulations.
第二十五條任何單位和個人不得違反法律、行政法規的規定，以任何方式強制個人獨資企業提供財力、物力、人力；對于違法強制提供財力、物力、人力的行為，個人獨資企業有權拒絕。
Article 25 No entity or individual may force a sole proprietorship enterprise to contribute funds, goods or labor in any manner in violation of law or administrative regulations; a sole proprietorship enterprise is entitled to reject any attempt forcing it to contribute funds, goods or labor in violation of law.
第四章個人獨資企業的解散和清算
Chapter Four: Dissolution and Liquidation of Sole Proprietorship Enterprise
第二十六條個人獨資企業有下列情形之一時，應當解散；
Article 26 A sole proprietorship enterprise shall be dissolved in any of the following circumstances:
（一）投資人決定解散；
(i) The sole proprietor decides to dissolve the sole proprietorship enterprise;
（二）投資人死亡或者被宣告死亡，無繼承人或者繼承人決定放棄繼承；
(ii) The sole proprietor is deceased or is declared deceased, and there is no heir or the heir has renounced his inheritance;
（三）被依法吊銷營業執照；
(iii) Its business license is lawfully revoked;
（四）法律、行政法規規定的其他情形。
(iv) Any other situation prescribed by law or administrative regulations has occurred.
第二十七條個人獨資企業解散，由投資人自行清算或者由債權人申請人民法院指定清算人進行清算。
Article 27 Where a sole proprietorship enterprise is to be dissolved, the sole proprietor shall conduct liquidation himself, or the creditors thereof may apply to the People's Court to designate a liquidator to conduct liquidation.
投資人自行清算的，應當在清算前十五日內書面通知債權人，無法通知的，應當予以公告。債權人應當在接到通知之日起三十日內，未接到通知的應當在公告之日起六十日內，向投資人申報其債權。
Where the sole proprietor conducts liquidation himself, he shall notify the creditors fifteen days prior to liquidation, and where he is unable to give notice, he shall make a public announcement. A creditor who has received such notice shall file a claim with the sole proprietor within thirty days of notification, and a creditor who has not received such notice shall file a claim with the sole proprietor within sixty days of the public announcement.
第二十八條個人獨資企業解散后，原投資人對個人獨資企業存續期間的債務仍應承擔償還責任，但債權人在五年內未向債務人提出償債請求的，該責任消滅。
Article 28 Upon dissolution of a sole proprietorship enterprise, the former sole proprietor shall be liable to repay the debt incurred by the sole proprietorship enterprise during its existence, provided that any claim not made by the relevant creditor within five years shall be extinguished.
第二十九條個人獨資企業解散的，財產應當按照下列順序清償：
Article 29 Upon dissolution of a sole proprietorship enterprise, its assets shall be paid out in the following order of priority:
（一）所欠職工工資和社會保險費用；
(i) wages and social insurance premiums payable;
（二）所欠稅款；
(ii) taxes payable;
（三）其他債務。
(iii) other debts.
第三十條清算期間，個人獨資企業不得開展與清算目的無關的經營活動。在按前條規定清償債務前，投資人不得轉移、隱匿財產。
Article 30 During liquidation, a sole proprietorship enterprise may not engage in any business activity unrelated to the liquidation. The sole proprietor may not transfer or conceal the property of the sole proprietorship enterprise prior to full payment of its debt.
第三十一條個人獨資企業財產不足以清償債務的，投資人應當以其個人的其他財產予以清償。
Article 31 Where the assets of a sole proprietorship enterprise are not sufficient to repay its debts in full, the sole proprietor shall contribute his other personal assets to cover the difference.
第三十二條個人獨資企業清算結束后，投資人或者人民法院指定的清算人應當編制清算報告，并于十五日內到登記機關辦理注銷登記。
Article 32 Upon completion of the liquidation of a sole proprietorship enterprise, the sole proprietor or the liquidator designated by the People's Court shall prepare a liquidation report, and shall conduct de-registration with the registration authority within fifteen days.
第五章法律責任
Chapter Five: Legal Liabilities
第三十三條違反本法規定，提交虛假文件或采取其他欺騙手段，取得企業登記的，責令改正，處以五千元以下的罰款；情節嚴重的，并處吊銷營業執照。
Article 33 Where a sole proprietor, in violation of the provisions hereof, obtains registration for the sole proprietorship enterprise by submitting false document?? or by other fraudulent means, he shall be ordered to rectify the situation, and shall be fined not more than five thousand Yuan; where the circumstance is serious, its business license shall be concurrently revoked.
第三十四條違反本法規定，個人獨資企業使用的名稱與其在登記機關登記的名稱不相符合的，責令限期改正，處以二千元以下的罰款。
Article 34 Where the name of a sole proprietorship enterprise, in contravention to the provisions hereof, is not consistent with the name registered with the registration authority, the sole proprietorship enterprise shall be ordered to rectify the situation within a prescribed time limit, and shall be fined not more than two thousand Yuan.
第三十五條涂改、出租、轉讓營業執照的，責令改正，沒收違法所得，處以三千元以下的罰款；情節嚴重的，吊銷營業執照。
Article 35 Where a sole proprietorship enterprise alters, rents or assigns its business license to any other person, it shall be ordered to rectify the situation, and any resulting illegal income shall be confiscated, and the sole proprietorship enterprise shall be fined not more than three thousand Yuan; where the circumstance is serious, its business license shall be revoked.
偽造營業執照的，責令停業，沒收違法所得，處以五千元以下的罰款。構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Where a person falsifies the business license of a sole proprietorship enterprise, he shall be ordered to cease his business, and any illegal income shall be confiscated, and he shall be fined not more than five thousand Yuan. Where such act constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.
第三十六條個人獨資企業成立后無正當理由超過六個月未開業的，或者開業后自行停業連續六個月以上的，吊銷營業執照。
Article 36 If a sole proprietorship enterprise fails to commence business within six months from the time of its establishment, or it ceases to carry out its business for more than six consecutive months, its business license shall be revoked.
第三十七條違反本法規定，未領取營業執照，以個人獨資企業名義從事經營活動的，責令停止經營活動，處以三千元以下的罰款。
Article 37 Where a person, in violation of the provisions hereof, engages in any business activity in the name of a sole proprietorship enterprise while no business license has been issued, he shall be ordered to cease such business activity, and he shall be fined not more than three thousand Yuan.
個人獨資企業登記事項發生變更時，未按本法規定辦理有關變更登記的，責令限期辦理變更登記；逾期不辦理的，處以二千元以下的罰款。
Where a registered item of a sole proprietorship enterprise has changed, if amendment registration is not carried out in accordance herewith, the sole proprietorship enterprise shall be ordered to carry out such registration within a prescribed time limit; where amendment registration is not carried out within the prescribed time limit, the sole proprietorship enterprise shall be fined not more than two thousand Yuan.
第三十八條投資人委托或者聘用的人員管理個人獨資企業事務時違反雙方訂立的合同，給投資人造成損害的，承擔民事賠償責任。
Article 38 If while conducting the affairs of the sole proprietorship enterprise, the person appointed or hired by a sole proprietor breaches the contract between them, thereby causing harm to the sole proprietor, such person shall be liable for civil damages.
第三十九條個人獨資企業違反本法規定，侵犯職工合法權益，未保障職工勞動安全，不繳納社會保險費用的，按照有關法律、行政法規予以處罰，并追究有關責任人員的責任。
Article 39 Where a sole proprietorship enterprise, in violation hereof, violates the lawful rights and interests of its workers, fails to ensure the safety of its workers or fails to pay their social insurance premiums, it shall be sanctioned in accordance with the relevant laws or administrative regulations, and liability shall be imposed on the relevant person.
第四十條投資人委托或者聘用的人員違反本法第二十條規定，侵犯個人獨資企業財產權益的，責令退還侵占的財產；
Article 40 Where the person appointed or hired by a sole proprietor infringes on the property interests of the sole proprietorship enterprise, he shall be ordered to make restitution,
給企業造成損失的，依法承擔賠償責任；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
and where the sole proprietorship enterprise sustains any loss as a result, he shall be liable for damages in accordance with the law; where he has made any illegal gain, such illegal gain shall be confiscated; where a crime is committed, criminal liability shall be imposed.
第四十一條違反法律、行政法規的規定強制個人獨資企業提供財力、物力、人力的，按照有關法律、行政法規予以處罰，并追究有關責任人員的責任。
Article 41 Where a sole proprietorship enterprise is forced to contribute resources in the form of labor, goods, or funds in violation of law or administrative regulations, the responsible party shall be sanctioned in accordance with the relevant law or administrative regulation, and liability shall be imposed on the relevant person.
第四十二條個人獨資企業及其投資人在清算前或清算期間隱匿或轉移財產，逃避債務的，依法追回其財產，并按照有關規定予以處罰；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 42 Where before or during the liquidation of a sole proprietorship enterprise, the sole proprietorship enterprise or the sole proprietor conceals or transfers its/his assets in order to evade debts, such assets shall be reclaimed in accordance with the law and sanction shall be imposed in accordance with the law; where such act constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.
第四十三條投資人違反本法規定，應當承擔民事賠償責任和繳納罰款、罰金，其財產不足以支付的，或者被判處沒收財產的，應當先承擔民事賠償責任。
Article 43 Where the sole proprietor violates the provisions hereof, thereby incurring civil liability for damages as well as administrative or criminal fine, if his assets are not sufficient to pay the above amounts in full, or his assets are to be confiscated, satisfaction of the relevant civil liability shall have priority.
第四十四條登記機關對不符合本法規定條件的個人獨資企業予以登記，或者對符合本法規定條件的企業不予登記的，對直接責任人員依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 44 Where the registration authority grants registration to an application for the registration of sole proprietorship enterprise which fails to meet the conditions prescribed herein, or fails to grant registration to an application for registration of sole proprietorship enterprise which meets the conditions prescribed herein, the person direct responsible shall be assessed administrative penalties in accordance with the law. Where such act constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.
第四十五條登記機關的上級部門的有關主管人員強令登記機關對不符合本法規定條件的企業予以登記，或者對符合本法規定條件的企業不予登記的，或者對登記機關的違法登記行為進行包庇的，對直接責任人員依法給予行政處分；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 45 Where the department in charge of the registration authority compels it to grant registration to an application which fails to meet the conditions prescribed herein, or engages in cover up for an illegal registration, the person with directly responsible shall be assessed administrative penalties in accordance with the law. Where such act constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.
第四十六條登記機關對符合法定條件的申請不予登記或者超過法定時限不予答復的，當事人可依法申請行政復議或提起行政訴訟。
Article 46 Where the registration authority fails to grant registration to an application which meets the conditions prescribed herein, or fails to issue any response after the legally prescribed time limit has expired, the party may apply for administrative review or bring an administrative suit.
第六章附 則
Chapter Six: Supplementary Provisions
第四十七條外商獨資企業不適用本法。
Article 47 This Law shall not apply to a wholly foreign-owned enterprise.
第四十八條本法自2000年1月1日起施行。
Article 48 This Law shall take effect as from January 1, 2000.
|
|
| |
|
|
|
